Experimental evolution has been with us Homo sapiens all the time. We have been observing various forms of life and tried to generate their novel forms. Science is characterized by systematic experimentation beyond observation and imagination. Studies of evolution have not been exceptions: genetics and then molecular biology were born from this tradition of experimental approaches to evolution. The experimental evolution approach was linked to gene sequences for the first time in microorganisms in the second half of the last century. Since the turn of the century, technological innovation allowed direct linkage of experimental evolution with entire genome sequences of an organism. In this symposium, we will hear about experimental evolution approaches towards one of the most important biological questions: conflicts between genomes and between genes. They include the issues of infection, medication, breeding, foods and energy.
「実験進化」は人類と共にあった。ヒトは生命を観察し考えるだけでなく、生命に働きかけ様々な形の新しい生命を創りだしてきた。近代になって誕生したサイエンスを特徴づけるアプローチも、「自然観察プラス想像」を超えた、よりシステマチックな実験的解析であり、それは進化研究の場合も例外ではない。進化の実験研究の中から、メンデルの法則と遺伝学も、DNAの遺伝物質としての再発見と分子生物学も誕生したと言えるだろう。前世紀後半に、微生物を対象として、実験進化研究は遺伝子配列と結びついた。今世紀になってからは、実験的アプローチを全ゲノム配列に直結するテクノロジーが実現し、実験進化はそのパワーをフルに発揮し始めている。本シンポジウムでは、「生物間（＝ゲノム間）のせめぎ合い（軋轢、コンフリクト）」「ゲノム内の遺伝子間のせめぎ合い」という生命科学の最重要問題を巡る、様々な実験進化的探究について紹介する。そこには、「感染」、「医薬」、「育種」、「食料」、「エネルギー」という社会的影響の大きな問題が含まれる。
1. In vitro evolution： principles and drug developments.
Yoshikazu Nakamura* (University of Tokyo, Ribomic)
2. DNA predators and their preys in complex in vitro ecosystems.
Adrien Padirac* and Yannick Rondelez (University of Tokyo)
3. Why do we die from infection?
Masaki Fukuyo, Akira Sasaki(Sokendai), Ichizo Kobayashi* (University of Tokyo)
4. Co-evolution between a host and a pathogen.
Akiko Kashiwagi* (Hirosaki University), Tetsuya Yomo (Osaka University)
5. Genetic bottlenecks in cell-to-cell movement and single-cell infections of plant viruses.
Shuhei Miyashita* (JST, NIAS), Kazuhiro Ishibashi (NIAS), Hirohisa Kishino (University of Tokyo), Masayuki Ishikawa (NIAS)
6. Learning predator promotes coexistence of prey.
Yumiko Ishii*, Masakazu Shimada (University of Tokyo):
7. Evolutionary genome engineering accelerated by a restriction-modification system
Yoko Asakura* (Ajinomoto Co., Inc.)
8. Rational genome engineering towards creation of a new species of Cyanobacillus
Mitsuhiro Itaya* (Keio University):
Language: English (the slides may include some Japanese)
